Dear Michel,
[This is a personal opinion, and has not been discussed with team@.]
On 12/03/2014 05:04 PM, Michel Roche wrote:
I'm currently doing some research about the best way(s) to publish open data for a local administration.
The best way for public administrations is *always* public domain or CC0. The taxpayer has already paid for the production of that data, and frankly the state has no business telling its customers how they may or may not use the data they have paid for.
1-the database : shape files with routes and POI about a region.
It is absolutely necessary for an European public administration to waive any database rights they may have in the data collection (or license those rights – IIRC new CC licences cover that avenue). Otherwise a two tier system will result where European data users will be restricted by database rights, and the American ones will be not (the US does not recognize db rights).
2-the context : the administration makes some money selling a walking guide using those informations
The fact that the administration makes money selling a walking guide should have no influence on the discussion. Merchandise sales are not a core competency of any public administration; if it helps them to popularize the area, it is OK to engage in such activities; however, if a private party were to take the data and started to produce better guides, the administration's primary goal of popularizing the area would still be fulfilled. In fact, this would probably free up the administration's resources to better handle its core functions.
3-the aim : opening those data so that eventual reuses will publish correct information about pathes, dangers, etc.
This cannot be ensured by any free licensing scheme. It is important to recognize that the administration will not be responsible for malicious or grossly negligent undertakings of any private party.
4-the dilemma : open publishing those information may serve any competitor editor to build a competiting guide upon those data
This would be a good thing!
5-the question : how licensing could help preventing such an usage while welcoming more friendly reuses such as : a promotional guide for hiking in the area that would reuse some of the data for the sake of promotion.
This should not be avoided.
Let's assume the competitor wants to use the shape files under CC-BY-SA along with a closed base map bought from a vendor to have a nice looking printed guide. => publishing such a reuse of the data seems to lead to a licences conflict : the closed license would say something like "all rights reserved, reproduction forbidden", where the CC-BY-SA part would claim "any reuse of this data will be under this same license" => How to solve that ? If it' not solvable, this means that the commercial reuse cases of the data opened under CC-BY-SA are quite a complicated way, which I find a reasonable manner to solve the original dilemma
This seems like a possible licence violation, but would be better left to the potential parties' lawyers to sort out.
In any case, public administrations to serve the public. They do not exist to make profit or hoard public resources. That is the best way to solve such conundrums.
Best,